Cybersecurity Program Scholarship Test

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In the context of cybersecurity, what technique is used to bypass network security measures by encapsulating non-DNS traffic within DNS requests, allowing attackers to exfiltrate data or bypass firewalls undetected?

Spoofing

Cross-Site Scripting

DNS Tunneling

SQL Injection

What is the main purpose of malware in cybersecurity?

To disrupt or gain unauthorized access to computer systems

To disrupt operations across sectors

To protect systems from cyber threats

To provide additional security layers

What is the primary goal of cybersecurity?

To encrypt internet traffic

To protect internet-connected systems from cyber threats

To exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems

To flood systems with traffic

What precaution should individuals take regarding USB devices, based on cybersecurity best practices?

Always use unknown or untrusted USB drives

Avoid scanning USB devices for malware

Share USB devices with others freely

Use encrypted USB devices whenever possible

What cyber attack method involves injecting malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users, allowing attackers to steal session cookies, redirect users to malicious websites, or deface web pages?

Zero-Day Exploits

Social Engineering

Spoofing

XSS Attacks

What is the primary objective of a denial-of-service (DoS) attack?

To flood a system with traffic and make it unavailable to users

To create hidden entry points into computer systems

To intercept communication between two parties

To encrypt internet traffic

What term describes a cyber attack method that involves exploiting vulnerabilities in software or hardware that are unknown to the vendor, allowing attackers to gain an advantage before patches or updates are available?

Zero-Day Exploits

SQL Injection

Spoofing

Social Engineering

What is the primary purpose of using a virtual private network (VPN) in cybersecurity?

To encrypt internet traffic to prevent interception

To create hidden entry points into computer systems

To flood a system with traffic

To intercept communication between two parties

Which cybersecurity best practice involves regularly reviewing and revoking unnecessary app permissions on smartphones, tablets, or computers to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data?

Reviewing app permissions

Using a firewall

Updating devices and software

Enabling multi-factor authentication

How does social engineering differ from phishing attacks in cybersecurity?

Social engineering involves impersonating a legitimate entity or device, while phishing manipulates individuals into divulging confidential information.

Social engineering targets sensitive information through psychological manipulation, while phishing injects malicious code into web pages.

Social engineering exploits vulnerabilities in software or hardware unknown to the vendor, while phishing floods a system with traffic.

Social engineering aims to flood a system with traffic to overwhelm it, while phishing encrypts internet traffic to prevent interception.

How does DNS tunneling bypass network security measures?

By encrypting internet traffic to prevent interception

By creating hidden entry points into computer systems

By encapsulating non-DNS traffic within DNS requests

By intercepting communication between two parties

Which type of cyberattack relies on deceptive emails, messages, or websites to obtain sensitive information?

SQL Injection

Phishing

Spoofing

Cross-site scripting

What is the estimated cost of cybercrime to the global economy in 2023, according to the provided data?

$7 trillion

$4.35 million

$4.4 million

$8.01 trillion

Which cybersecurity best practice involves creating regular backups of important files and data?

Enabling multi-factor authentication

Using a firewall

Regularly backing up data

Updating antivirus software

What term describes a type of malware that creates a hidden entry point into a computer system, allowing remote access and control by attackers for malicious purposes?

SQL Injection

Phishing

Backdoor Trojan

Spoofing

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